As night falls, thousands of lights are shining, neon flashes, and more and more city nights are colorful. However, this has also caused some troubles for the urban people's life: the stars are not seen above the city, the dazzling lights are dizzying, and the artificial white enamel makes people unable to sleep. How can urban lighting management be both scientific and human?
The lights are too "stunning", both hurting and charging
Zhang Jiajia is a new mother who lives in Dehan Garden, Baoding City, Hebei Province. She has just given birth to a child and said that she was “very tired†recently. The lights on the building opposite the community where she lived were too bright, and they were open all night, and they could penetrate into the room through thick curtains. The baby is sensitive to the light, sleeps badly at night, and cries and makes trouble. Zhang Jiajia's mother-in-law came to bring her grandson. The light was too strong to sleep well at night, her blood pressure was high, and her temper was fierce. The strong glare of the lights makes this family with both babies and old people very upset.
A similar situation is not uncommon. Recently, Mr. Li Weiguo, who lives in Shanghai Pudong New Area, recently opened a new exhibition hall. The lights of the luxury exhibition hall were lit all day and night, and the walls of Mr. Li’s room were still brightly lit through the curtains. "No one came to visit at night, why do you have to drive so many lights? It affects the rest of the residents, how can you waste electricity like this!"
Mr. Zhao Wenxiong from Beijing is an astronomy enthusiast. He has long been concerned about the over-lighting of the city. “Urban lighting lamps have a lot of sodium yellow light. This kind of light penetration is strong. Together with the city’s flashing commercial neon lights and crane tower glare, the impact on astronomical observations is basically devastating.†In the absence of light pollution In the wild, there are more than 3,000 stars visible to the naked eye. In big cities such as Beijing, only dozens of stars can be seen by the naked eye at night. "This deprives urban residents, especially children, of the right to look up at the stars." Say.
As the pace of urban construction accelerates, the city's night scenes are getting brighter. Zhang Wei, an associate professor at the School of Architecture at Tsinghua University, believes that light has a great influence on human circadian rhythms. Many diseases are related to specific light. For example, blue light may be related to diseases such as cancer and epilepsy. Experiments have shown that the mice with the monochromatic light and the colored light are more likely to be cancerous.
Zhang Wei pointed out that the excessive light saturation, especially red or purple, is more irritating to people's physical and psychological. The light that flashes too fast can also be dizzying, and it also has an adverse effect on people's senses and emotions. "Now many cities in China are not "hiccups" for 24 hours. The lights in some commercial districts are not only always bright, but the colors are very bright and the neon lights are flashing very fast. This is very harmful to urban residents. And flight safety also has an adverse impact." Zhang Wei analyzed.
Planning details, let the city night lighting have a law
How should management make the city's nighttime lighting moderate and orderly?
To reduce light nuisance and energy waste, the Hong Kong SAR Government launched its first "Outdoor Lighting Charter" this year, requiring owners and principals of outdoor lighting installations to pledge to turn off decorative, promotional or advertising lighting installations at scheduled times. The Charter has been in force in April this year, with nearly 1,000 properties and merchants responding, promised to turn off the lights at 11pm at the latest.
Zhang Wei pointed out that at present, China's urban lighting industry is widely used in the "Night Lighting Design Guide", but this is only a guiding document, and the binding is relatively weak. There are some regulations in various places to regulate urban outdoor lighting, but the national standards and management regulations for light pollution by the construction department and the urban planning department have not yet been introduced. "The design of lighting is often based on the needs of the investment entity, followed by the proceeds, deliberately too bright and too bright for the 'eye catching', causing light pollution." Zhang Wei said.
"At present, the city's light pollution is out of control, neither humanized nor green development. It should be rectified." Zhang Wei believes that to manage nighttime light pollution, it is imperative to have more detailed and operational management practices. Detailed specifications for lighting duration and brightness, color saturation, etc. are specified separately. In addition, it is necessary to clarify the supervisory responsibilities, for example, which departments are responsible for light pollution control, how the construction, urban management, and environmental protection departments work together; which third-party organizations are qualified to issue light pollution appraisal reports; and the procedures must be followed from accepting residents' complaints to feedback processing results; and many more.
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