Amplifier, as its name suggests, is a power amplifier, which is a power source.
Personally think that the correct idea should be like this:
1. First look at how much load there is. For example, the nominal power of one of my speaker speakers is 100W, then the power required by the load is 100W.
2. Determine the amplifier power. Some people say that the bigger the better, see how. I think that the maximum power of the speaker is 100W, then the power provided by the amplifier should not be greater than 100W. It should be known that more than 100W, the speaker is not burnt! The speaker is much more expensive than most power tubes.
3, in fact, to achieve the required power is the most critical, Ohm's law knows? If my speaker impedance is 5 ohms, the peak power is 100W, and the rated power is 60W, then in fact, as long as I am 80W, it is big enough. In fact, there are 40 watts. It can be seen from P=U^2/R that U=(80*5)^-2=20V, so the power supply must reach 20V. Of course, this is a Class B and Class A amplifier. If it is a Class A amplifier, there will be quiescent current. It must be counted in. But no matter what, 100% efficiency, 20V voltage will not exceed 80W output power, your speaker is safe in the relative time,
4, according to the voltage, power to determine the size of the transformer, generally have a coefficient of 1.5 is safe, so the power output takes into account that the rectifier has 18V, it can be, but the power reserve must be: 80 * 1.5 = 120W
5. Calculate the parameters of each component such as the rectification part according to the above parameters. For example, the power reserve per channel of the power tube must reach 120W at 20V.
In the final analysis, the reserve is big, to the small point, 80% full!
Usually the functions of the capacitors in the audio circuit are as follows:
1. After the filter capacitor is rectified, the capacitor used for filtering has a large capacity, so electrolytic capacitors must be used. When the filter capacitor is used for a power amplifier, the value should be 10000μF or more. When used for a preamplifier, the capacity is about 1000μF.
When the power supply filter circuit is directly supplied to the amplifier, the larger the capacity, the better the sound quality. However, a large capacity capacitor will cause the impedance to rise from around 10 kHz. At this time, several small capacitors should be connected in parallel to form a large capacitor. At the same time, several thin film capacitors should be connected in parallel, and the high-frequency impedance should be suppressed next to the large capacitor.
2. The capacity of the coupling capacitor coupling capacitor is generally between 0.1μF and 1μF, and the sound quality of the capacitor with less loss of mica, propylene, ceramics, etc. is better.
3. Capacitors used in preamplifiers, frequency dividers, etc., audio controllers, and dividers, with capacities ranging from 100pF to 0.1μF, while speaker divider LC networks typically use between 1μF and 10μF. For capacitors with large capacity, CBB capacitors are currently used in high-end crossovers.
Mica and styrene capacitors should be used for small capacity. The capacitor used in the LC network has a large capacity, and a metallized plastic film or a non-polar electrolytic capacitor should be used. Among them, the inorganic electrolytic capacitor can obtain excellent sound quality if it is non-etched.
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