2 The establishment and development of the standard system for LED lamps
2. 1 IEC LED luminaire standard overview
At present, IEC TC34 / SC34D luminaire standards are mainly safety standards, including IEC 60598 series, of which there are 23 safety standards, including 1 general requirements and test method standards, and 22 specific product safety standards.
Applicable light sources are specified in 23 luminaire safety standards. Among them, 7 standard applicable light sources are electric light sources, 8 standards are tungsten filament lamps, tubular fluorescent lamps and gas discharge lamps, and 3 standards are tungsten lamps, 1 The standard is cold cathode fluorescent lamps, and several others are tungsten lamps and single-ended fluorescent lamps. See Table 1 for details.
2. 1. 1 Characteristics of the IEC TC34 / SC34D standard system
(1) Product safety standard naming is based on the installation method and application of the luminaire
At present, the specific product standards are named according to different installation methods and usage characteristics of the lamps, such as fixed installation of general lamps, floodlights, recessed lamps, road and street lighting, floor-mounted lamps, power outlets, night lights, video Stage lighting, ventilated lighting, emergency lighting, lighting for swimming pools and similar places, portable luminaires for portable installation, portable luminaires for children, portable luminaires for gardens, portable lamps and string lights.
(2) The naming of most product safety standards is independent of the light source used by the luminaire
——— Among the 23 safety standards of the IEC 60598 series, the names of 21 standards are independent of the light source.
In the IEC 60598 series of 21 standard name fixture installation methods or their application characteristics, IEC 60598-1 is specified in the scope, the standard is applicable to the use of electric light source, the power supply voltage does not exceed 1000V, the standard applies to all types of electricity light source.
——— Among the 23 safety standards of the IEC 60598 series, the naming of two standards is related to the light source.
IEC 60598-2-14 is a product standard for the safety of cold cathode lamp luminaires, the name of which is “Parts 2 to 14 of the luminaire: special requirements for cold cathode tubular discharge lamps (neon) lamps and other similar devicesâ€. The main reason is that in other safety standards of IEC 60598 series, the power supply voltage of the electric light source involved in the luminaire is in the low voltage range (50V ~ 1000VAC), or the extra low voltage (50VAC and below), and the output voltage of the luminaire is at low voltage. Within the scope, the safety requirements for structures, clearances and creepage distances specified in IEC 60598-1 apply to these luminaires. The power supply voltage of the cold cathode lamp is also below 1000V, but its output voltage is usually as high as 10000V, which cannot be covered by the safety regulations of the original low voltage standard. This is the safety standard for IECTC34 / SC34D. And in the structure, clearance and creepage distance, ground leakage protection, open circuit protection, etc., put forward special safety requirements for cold cathode lamp.
IEC 60598-2-23: 1997 "Safety requirements for ultra-low voltage lighting systems for tungsten lamps", is a safety standard for special low-voltage lighting systems used in tungsten lamps. In addition to lamps, the system also includes lamps. A power system and mechanical and electrical systems that support the system, including power transformers or converters, as well as support conductors and their fixtures, electrical and mechanical connectors that are unique to the system. Since the requirements specified in this standard are for a lighting system product specifically for tungsten lamps, not only for lamps but also for lighting systems, special safety requirements are required.
(3) Light source for IEC60598 series of standards
The standard for applicable light sources is primarily for safety, and secondly for existing applications. Of the 23 standards in the IEC 60598 series, most of the standards apply to a wide range of light sources, and some standards limit the type of light source used by the fixture.
———General requirements for lamps and test standards IEC 60598-1 Applicable light source is electric light source
In order to ensure the safety of the product, the applicable light source of the product is specified in the scope of the standard. The standard applicable to IEC 60598-1 is the electric light source, which is suitable for the artificial light source driven by electricity, including tungsten filament lamp, tubular fluorescent lamp, gas discharge. Lamps and solid-state light sources, etc., so the general safety standards for lamps cover the lamps of LED sources.
--- Most of the specific product standards apply to more types of light sources
Regarding the applicable light source, the six standards in the specific product standard are electric light sources, and the eight standards are tungsten filament lamps, tubular fluorescent lamps, and gas discharge lamps.
The eight applicable light sources are standards for tungsten lamps, tubular fluorescent lamps, and gas discharge lamps. Most of the standards were published before 2000, when LEDs were not used in functional lighting. With the release of IEC 60598-1: 2003, which extends the applicable light source to electric light sources, and the numerous applications of LEDs in lighting fixtures, and IEC 60598-1 have been specified for electric light sources. In fact, the application of these standards has been extended to LED luminaires, especially fixed general luminaires (IEC 60598-2-1), recessed luminaires (IEC 60598-2-2), road and street lighting (IEC 60598-2- 3), movable general-purpose lamps (IEC 60598-2-4) and floodlights (IEC60598-2-5).
Among the 22 specific product standards of the IEC 60598 series, 14 standard light source ranges cover LEDs, accounting for 63.6%.
——— 2 regulations apply to the standard of tungsten lamps to limit the scope of application of the standard
In the IEC 60598 series, the four standards are suitable for the tungsten light. The light string and swimming pool luminaires are currently used with more LED light sources. Limiting the light source will make the standard not applicable to the inspection and evaluation of products using LEDs.
As a member of the IEC TC34 / SC34D domestic technical focal point and the LUMEX expert group, a proposal to amend the standard will be proposed to IEC TC34 / SC34D.
(4) For safety reasons, some standards limit the applicable light source
IEC 60598-2-10: 2003 "Lighting fixtures Part 2 to 10: Special requirements for children's portable luminaires" The applicable light source is tungsten filament lamps and single-ended fluorescent lamps, which are related to safety issues such as temperature, Safety considerations in terms of electrical safety, photobiohazard, etc., are reasonable to limit the use of other light sources in portable luminaires for children.
2. 1. 2 Development of the IEC TC34 / SC34D standard system
(1) IEC TC34 / SC34D luminaire safety standards are adding special requirements for LED luminaires
Based on the previous luminaires using replaceable light sources, the IEC 60598 series of standards has not yet submitted relevant structural requirements for luminaires of non-replaceable light sources. The IEC TC34 / SC34D maintenance working group is working on the revision of IEC 60598-1 8th Edition, including Increase the requirements for non-replaceable light sources such as LEDs. The revised content includes the concept of defining clear light source, replaceable light source and non-replaceable light source; the manufacturer of the lamp that cannot replace the light source has the obligation to inform the user; the structural requirements of the new non-replaceable light source; Modifications, emphasizing the replacement of lamps with replaceable light sources, related to structural, grounding regulations and protection against electric shock.
( 2) IEC TC34 /SC34D is developing the safety requirements and performance standards for LED lamps
———Development of safety requirements for LED lamps
At present, the IEC 60598 series luminaire safety standards are based on traditional replaceable light sources. When some non-replaceable new light sources such as LEDs are used for lighting fixtures, the standards need to be matched to establish safety requirements for special requirements of non-replaceable light source luminaires. The IEC has now begun to revise IEC 60598-1, adding new terms for non-replaceable light sources, marking requirements, and structural aspects.
———The performance standards for luminaires and LED luminaires are being developed. The IEC standards for luminaire performance are currently in the works. Two of these standards have been developed as new standard projects. In order to make the standards available more quickly, these two standards have formed PAS ( PubliclyAvailable Specifications) IEC /PAS 62722-1 "General Requirements for Luminaire Performance" and IEC /PAS 62722-2-1 "General Requirements for Performance of LED Luminaires". Other luminaire performance standards will be developed one by one when related to the performance of other types of luminaires.
In addition to the luminaire standards, the IEC TC34 / SC34D has two standards, namely the power rail system for luminaires and the automatic test system for emergency lighting systems.
The IEC luminaire standard is shown in Figure 1.
