Design and Application of Auto Electronic Ground Control Switch
In actual use, the shortcomings of the power circuit and accessories of the truck in terms of performance and technology are obvious. To this end, we have developed a multi-functional electronic ground control switch for automobiles, which successfully solved the existing problems.
The main functions of the grounding switch are: â‘ When the start-up failure occurs, the main power supply is automatically cut off; â‘¡When the flameout is stopped, the main power supply is automatically cut off after a period of time without turning off the electrical appliances or disconnecting the power supply grounding switch ; â‘¢ After the vehicle needs to be started or the fault is eliminated, the power is automatically reset, the vehicle can be started smoothly, the battery and the starter are protected, and the mechanical equipment (such as cars, tractors, generators, tanks, oilfield work machines, and parallel machines) is realized ) Automatic control of the power circuit.
Practice has proved that the automotive multi-function electronic ground control switch has the characteristics of high degree of automation, safety and reliability, strong operability, low cost, strong applicability and so on, and has broad prospects for promotion. The ground switch has obtained the national utility model patent (patent number ZL2003 20106600.3).
1. The shortcomings of the traditional ground control switch
1) The start-up failure often occurs during starting, that is, the pinion gear of the starter and the flywheel ring gear of the engine cannot be separated. The main reasons are as follows: â‘ The starting current is large, which causes the electromagnetic switch contacts on the starter to ablate and fluff, and the maintenance is not timely. The starter return mechanism is stuck due to dirt, which causes the starter electromagnetic switch contacts to stick; â‘¡The low oil temperature and high viscosity (especially in winter) cause the engine to be heavy during starting, which makes the starter and the flywheel ring gear of the engine inseparable. After the start-up failure occurs, if it cannot be debugged in time, the starter or battery will be damaged, scrapped, or even cause an accident.
2) Although the mechanical ground control switch is simple and practical, when the flameout is stopped, it may forget to disconnect the power ground switch, which causes the battery to discharge and lose power, causing damage to the battery. In addition, when restarting the work, the mechanical equipment cannot work normally due to insufficient or damaged battery power.
3) The safety and reliability are relatively low, automatic control cannot be achieved, and manual operation is required.
2. The structure and performance of the multifunctional electronic ground control switch
The multifunctional electronic ground control switch is mainly composed of four parts: a) start-up control circuit; b) electromagnetic relay; c) IC integrated automatic power-off circuit; d) three-terminal voltage regulator circuit, the circuit is shown in Figure 1, The logical structure of each part is shown in Figure 2. 
As can be seen from Figure 1, the start-up control circuit a is connected between the starter and the electromagnetic relay b, the IC integrated automatic power-off circuit c is connected to the three-terminal voltage stabilizing circuit d and the battery, and the electromagnetic relay b is connected between the battery and the starter Between machines, the three-terminal voltage regulator circuit d is connected to the battery.
The main performance of the multifunctional electronic ground control switch:
1) When a start-up failure occurs, the electronic ground control switch automatically powers off, so that the starter will no longer run, thereby protecting the starter and the battery from damage. After the fault is eliminated for 5s, the control switch is automatically reset and the next normal start can be continued.
2) After the car stops running for 10 minutes, the electronic grounding control switch automatically powers off and cuts off the grounding circuit of the car to prevent the battery from failing to apply. When restarting the vehicle, simply press the reset button and the circuit will be automatically connected.
3) Load current: 0 ～ 800A / min.
4) Sensitivity: ≤1μs.
5) Delay error: ≤2%.
3. Advantages of multi-function electronic ground control switch
After the successful development of the multi-function electronic ground control switch, it was put into use in our company's 64 trucks. The actual application proves that the switch overcomes the technical deficiencies of the existing mechanical grounding switch and electromagnetic grounding switch, and has the following significant advantages:
1) There are many functions, which can control the starting failure, and can automatically reset the power supply, and can automatically cut off the power supply when the machine is stopped;
2) High degree of automation, no need for manual debugging and control, and strong operability;
3) The system device has no leakage, safe and reliable;
4) Simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance;
5) Can work in a variety of working conditions, has strong applicability, and has a very good promotion value.
4. Technical and economic benefits
1) Successfully solved the start-up failure of mechanical equipment, avoiding the occurrence of personal and equipment accidents, and strong safety;
2) Reduce the damage and scrap of car batteries and starters, save materials, and reduce the loss of working hours for replacement and maintenance;
3) Reduce the labor intensity of the operator;
4) Timely production guarantee.
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