Core tips:
Due to the low level of electric vehicles at this stage, the national grid and the charging stations built by enterprises are at a loss. In the context of uncertain future, it is difficult for investors to quickly enter the field of charging and replacing facilities.
Compared with the spurt growth of new energy vehicle sales, the construction speed of charging piles is still slow, and charging difficulties have become one of the important reasons hindering the purchase of new energy vehicles.
The National Energy Administration has clearly requested that more than 2,000 charging stations and 100,000 decentralized public charging piles be planned for this year, with a total investment of 30 billion yuan.
The state will also regard the charging facility standards as the standard for the assessment of the city, that is, the charging infrastructure in accordance with national uniform standards.
Although the industry is optimistic about the prospects of the new energy vehicle market, consumers will not buy it. In addition to the technological innovation of new energy vehicles, the construction of supporting facilities is still the key. At present, an important bottleneck in the development of new energy vehicles in China is that it is difficult for the charging pile facilities to support the existing quantities and future increments of new energy vehicles. The biggest problem that restricts consumers' purchases is charging piles. The industry believes that charging facilities and new energy vehicles are a cycle of "chicken eggs - eggs and chickens", so as long as the number of new energy vehicles has enough, it will naturally drive the construction of charging piles. But it is undeniable that the layout of public charging piles can also drive the sales of new energy vehicles.
The charging facility is hugeAround 2010, the country quickly promoted the new energy automobile industry, and electric vehicle charging stations were also established in many provinces and autonomous regions across the country. At that time, the State Grid hoped to realize the franchise of charging stations in the future and become the largest transportation energy supplier. Even experts in the industry predicted that the profit rate of charging stations in the future could be comparable to that of printing machines. Therefore, Sinopec, which has the advantage of channel, has also joined the camp of charging station construction.
However, in just six years, compared with the spurt growth of new energy vehicle sales, the construction speed of charging piles is still slow, and charging difficulties have become one of the important reasons hindering the purchase of new energy vehicles. The data shows that as of 2015, the number of national public electric vehicle charging piles is only 49,000. Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, has publicly stated that the construction of charging facilities represented by the application side has become one of the two major bottlenecks in the development of new energy vehicles. According to the “13th Five-Year Planâ€, it is estimated that by 2020, the number of centralized charging and replacement stations will increase to 12,000, and the number of distributed charging piles will increase by 100 times to 4.5 million. It can be seen that the construction gap of the charging pile is quite huge.
It is reported that the charging mode of the charging station is divided into three types: the first one is ordinary charging, the current AC plug is inserted in the car, it takes 5-8 hours or 2-6 hours; the second is fast charging, charging The current should be large - some can charge the battery 50%-80% in 20-30 minutes, so that the car can continue to drive; the third is battery replacement, this mode refers to the battery used by the electric car charging station Remove and replace the fully charged battery. After the battery is fully charged, it can be used for electric vehicles for 150 kilometers.
At present, charging stations in the public domain are all fast charging modes, and most of them provide charging services for electric buses and taxis. Private electric vehicles rarely charge, because fast charging has a certain loss to the battery. The slow charging method requires the owner to have a certain length of time, and it is impossible to go up as many as a gas station. In addition, the charging station must have a large area to charge a certain number of electric vehicles at the same time, which means a series of problems in the purchase of land and other investments, this is not the long-term of the car enterprises.
Due to the low level of electric vehicles at this stage, the national grid and the charging stations built by enterprises are at a loss. In the context of uncertain future, it is difficult for investors to quickly enter the field of charging and replacing facilities.
Charging piles have a favorable policySince the beginning of this year, favorable policies for the charging pile industry have continued to be intensively introduced. In November last year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a guide for the development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in 2015-2020, pointing out that by 2020, it will meet the charging needs of 5 million electric vehicles nationwide. At the same time, priority will be given to the construction of charging infrastructure for public service areas such as public transportation, rental and sanitation and logistics, and more than 3,850 bus charging stations, 2,500 taxi charging stations, and 2,450 sanitation logistics stations will be added. In addition, in conjunction with the backbone expressway network, the “four vertical and four horizontal†intercity fast charge network will be built, and more than 800 intercity fast charge stations will be added to meet the needs of intercity travel.
On April 1 this year, the National Energy Administration issued the “Guidelines for Energy Work in 2016â€. The opinions clearly require that more than 2,000 charging stations, 100,000 decentralized public charging piles and 860,000 private dedicated charging piles be planned for this year. The total investment of charging facilities is 30 billion yuan. At the same time, the "Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Construction Plan" formulated by the National Energy Administration proposed that by 2020, the number of domestic charging and replacing power stations will reach 12,000, and the number of charging piles will reach 4.5 million. With the average price of charging piles of 20,000 yuan/piece and charging station of 3 million yuan/seat, the direct market size of domestic new energy vehicle charging piles (station) is expected to reach 124 billion yuan in the next six years.
At the local policy level, the construction of charging piles has also become a top priority. According to the "Shanghai Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Special Plan", by 2020, the city will have more than 210,000 charging piles, basically meeting the charging service demand of 260,000 new energy vehicles. On April 1, the “Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in the Province†issued by the General Office of the Hebei Provincial Government proposed that by the end of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Planâ€, Hebei Province will build 1,970 charging stations and charging piles of 65,000. One.
At the same time, this year, the State Grid will resume the tender for large-scale charging piles. It is understood that the State Grid will build 2,450 charging stations and 28,000 charging stations, and build a national grid electronic mall. This year, the bidding for the start-up charging facility of the State Grid will be completed in three batches, with a total tender amount of 5 billion yuan. In addition, the State Grid will accelerate the construction of a “seven vertical, four horizontal and two grids†expressway rapid charging network based on the inter-city rapid network of two vertical and two horizontal and one ring highways to ensure the rapid development of electric vehicles.
While the public infrastructure charging facilities are vigorously promoted, related supporting services are also developing rapidly. Beijing citizens can log in to the Beijing electric vehicle charging and exchange management service platform “Yicong Network†to inquire about the location of charging piles and reserve charging.
Some startup teams have also targeted this market, launching a variety of convenient apps, making it easier for car owners to find an appointment charging pile, reducing their mileage concerns after driving the electric car out. The injection of official and private capital has promoted the development of charging piles in China.
From the market situation, the popularity of new energy vehicle sales is bound to attract investment in the field of charging piles. Analysts believe that the reflection of policies and markets has created a good environment and favorable opportunities for large-scale construction of charging piles.
Charging standards need to be unifiedAlthough the charging interface from the national level already has the national standard, users still feel that they are not uniform and cannot be universal.
The China Electric Enterprise Association Standardization Center cooperates with the China Automotive Technology and Research Center and the Electric Vehicle Standardization Technical Committee. The division of labor is responsible for the standardization of charging facilities. In the past five years, the standard system for electric vehicle charging facilities has been basically established, and there are about 58 standards, including charging and replacing standards. So far, 27 standards have been released, and the standards that are urgently needed for electric vehicle charging facilities are basically completed, but there are still many standards that need to be updated and improved.
At the same time, there are three standards for the traditional charging methods in the world: the first SAE standards in the United States, the SAE standards in Japan and South Korea, the European standards, and the Chinese standards, which are between the European standards and the US standards. Three standards of complete incompatibility have been formed.
At present, the favorable policies for new energy vehicles introduced in succession have activated the new energy vehicle market to a certain extent, but the inconsistency of charging standards has weakened the policy effectiveness of “breaking local protectionism†in the promotion of new energy vehicles.
It is reported that in view of the stability and safety of the development of electric vehicle charging piles, the new unified standard for electric vehicle charging piles will be released this year. In the process of formulating new standards for electric vehicle charging piles, many detailed unified standards need to be certified. So far, the number of passes has been reviewed, and it will take some time for all the audits to be completed. According to industry insiders, at the beginning of this year, the country introduced five national standards for electric vehicle charging interfaces and communication protocols, but these standards are recommended standards. At present, there are different understandings of standards in the industry, which leads to the compatibility of the products presented. has a difference.
In fact, for the unified charging standards, the corporate level has maintained a high voice and attention. Last year, the third meeting of the Sino-German Electric Vehicle Standardization Working Group was held in Beijing. The discussions between the two sides focused on the standards of interface standards, vehicle battery safety, inductive charging, fire safety, and electromagnetic compatibility.
Not only that, the next step is to use the charging facility standard as the standard for the demonstration city, that is, to make the charging infrastructure in accordance with the national unified standards, such as the charging interface standard, as an assessment condition for the demonstration city.
These are all prerequisites for the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry. It can be said that the unified standards will be introduced as soon as possible to form a joint force and build a common infrastructure for new energy vehicles, which will clear the way for the acceleration of new energy vehicles.
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