Comparing traditional electronic system design methods with modern electronic system design methods, the Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) circuit based on EDA technology was introduced, and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was proposed to be rapidly developed in recent years. Programming application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) are gaining more and more attention in digital system design and control circuits. The basic structure, performance characteristics, application fields and precautions in use of this circuit are introduced. A look at FPGAs based on EDA technology. It is pointed out that EDA technology will be the main direction for the development of electronic product design technology in the future.
With the rapid development of integrated circuit technology and computer technology, there is a better application market for electronic product design, and there are more choices for the implementation methods. The traditional electronic product design scheme is a circuit board-based design method. This method requires the selection of a large number of fixed-function devices, and then through the cooperation of these devices to simulate the function of electronic products, its work focused on the selection of devices and circuit board Designed.
With the increase of computer cost-effectiveness and the appearance of programmable logic devices, the traditional digital electronic system design method has undergone a revolution of liberating. Modern electronic system design methods are designed by designers to realize the functions of electronic systems, and the traditional Firmware selection and board design work are performed in the chip design. Since the early 1990s, electronic product design systems have become increasingly digital, complex, and large-scale integrated. Design software for various electronic systems has emerged.
Among these professional softwares, EDA (Electronic Design AutomaTIon) has a certain representativeness, and EDA technology is a chip-based design method for modern electronic systems. Its advantages are mainly focused on the use of HDL language for input, PLD (programmable device) design and simulation system design automation; at the end of the 20th century, programmable devices appeared analog programmable devices, due to technology, With the influence of operability and cost performance, EDA technology will develop in the direction of design and simulation of analog programmable devices and occupy a certain share of the market.
EDA technology mainly includes four aspects: large-scale programmable logic device, hardware description language, development software tools and experimental development system. Among them, the large-scale programmable logic device is the carrier hardware that uses EDA technology to design the electronic system. The description language is the main expression method that uses EDA technology to design the electronic system. The development software tool is to use the EDA technology to carry out the intelligent design of the electronic system. Automated design tools and experimental development systems provide peripheral resources for chip download circuits and EDA experiments and development.
FPGA Architecture OverviewField Programmable Gate Array FPGAs are the most integrated and programmable ASICs. It is a new type of ASIC that is based on innovative inventive concepts and advanced EDA technologies. The logical design of logical units and signal processing units, such as arithmetic units, multipliers, digital filters, and 2D convolutional processors, can be implemented using FPGAs. Take Xilinx's FPGA device as an example, its structure can be divided into three parts: Programmable logic blocks CLB (Configurable Logic Blocks), Programmable I/O Modules IOB (Input/Output Block) and Programmable Internal Connections PI (Programmable) Interconnect). The CLBs are arrayed in the device, surrounded by a circular inner connection, and the IOBs are distributed on the surrounding pins. Xilinx's CLB function is very strong, not only can realize the logic function, but also can be configured into complex forms such as RAM.
Field Programmable Gate Array FPGAs are general-purpose devices that contain large-scale digital circuits. The interconnection network between these digital circuits is defined by the user using more advanced software. FPGAs can perform infinite programming iterations. Changes from one circuit to another are achieved by simply offloading interconnect files, greatly facilitating the design of complex digital circuits and shortening the time for fault checking.
Traditional digital logic designs use TTL levels and small scale digital integrated circuits to complete the logic circuit diagram. The use of these standard logic devices has proven to be the cheapest means, but requires some wiring and complex circuit boards (welding debugging) and other work, if something goes wrong, it is particularly troublesome to change. Therefore, a large part of the work of personnel using traditional electronic design programs focuses on the physical connection, debugging, and troubleshooting of device devices. Because FPGA's EDA technology uses a more advanced computer language, the generation of the circuit is basically completed by the computer, which will enable the user to complete the more complex digital circuit design faster because there is no physical connection between the devices. Therefore, debugging and troubleshooting are more rapid and effective.
Programmable features help complex circuit designsFPGAs can perform infinite repetitions of programming. It is therefore possible to modify and unload already completed designs on the same device. The number of basic components on an FPGA chip has increased significantly, which has made realizing very complex electronic circuit designs on FPGAs more realistic. Due to the higher cost-effectiveness of FPGA-based EDA technology, several companies have recently adopted this technology, and this growth trend continues.
The logic block in the FPGA is a CLB. The logic block refers to a functional module divided by a structure in a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) chip. It has a relatively independent combinational logic unit, and the blocks are connected by an interconnection system. The logic block size of the FPGA is small, the input variables are 4-8, the output variables are 1-2, and there are tens to thousands of such units in each chip, which is very flexible when used. FPGA internal interconnect structure is based on programmable interconnection PI to achieve the connection between logic blocks. Its interconnection is distributed, its delay is related to the layout of the system, different layouts, different interconnection delays. According to different types of FPGAs, switch matrix or anti-fuse wire technology can be used to connect the disconnected ends of the metal lines so that signals can be exchanged between any two logic units.
The most important feature of integrated design of digital circuit products using FPGA technology is that they can unify the design and implementation without pre-stage venture capital investment, and the design and implementation are all carried out on the laboratory's EDA development system. The cycle is very short, which greatly benefits the modern product market. The competition needs, therefore, FPGA application design, especially adapted to the small batch development of electronic new products, the prototyping of scientific research projects and the verification of ASIC product design, can carry out on-site design and implementation, on-site simulation and on-site modification. As a result, it has been widely respected and welcomed by electronic product design engineers.
FPGA application areaFPGA has a series of features such as infinitely repeatable programming capability, flexible architecture, abundant triggers and wiring resources, which enables it to meet the multiple requirements of electronic product design. The application fields of FPGAs mainly focus on the replacement of general logic and complex logic, repeated programming use, board design integration, high-speed counters, addition and subtraction, implementation of accumulators and comparators, and bus interface logic.
Application and development FPGAs must have a comprehensive understanding of device performance, such as comprehensive consideration of device capacity, speed, power consumption, interface requirements, and pin count, while also paying attention to the following details:
â— Apply "power-on" reset circuit to the timing circuit to ensure that the timing circuit is in the initial state after power-on and power-on.
◠The power supply and ground pins of the device must be connected with a 0.1μF non-inductive capacitor to provide filtering and decoupling.
â— It is not possible to use a method in which an even number of inverters are connected in series to constitute a "delay circuit". A delay time is inaccurate, and when it is automatically compiled, it will be simplified as a redundant circuit.
â— The main global buffer must be driven by a semi-dedicated pad. The secondary global buffer can be derived from a semi-dedicated pad or internal network cable.
â— Do not short-circuit the pins. Do not use a multimeter to directly measure the device pins.
â— If the device's I/O port is defined as an output port, avoid adding signals to the port. Otherwise, the chip will be damaged.
â— When the power consumption of a device with low power consumption is too large, the operating efficiency of the device used will not only be significantly reduced, but will even damage the chip.
ConclusionThe field programmable gate array FPGA based on EDA technology has high integration, flexible structure, various design methods, short development cycle, convenient debugging, easy modification, and extensive application fields. Faced with the rapid development of science and technology and the fierce market competition, it is very important to master the EDA design technology and use the FPGA flexibly and ingeniously. Its prospects will be very optimistic.
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